医学生儿童期不良经历回顾性调查

Retrospective study on the adverse childhood experience among medical college student

目的了解儿童期不良经历发生率及其特征,为采取相应的干预措施改善人群健康状况提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选取新疆某医科院校在校本科学生475名;采用问卷调查的方式对10种儿童期不良经历的发生情况进行调查。结果医学生儿童期不良经历的报告率为77.1%,其中情感虐待报告率最高,为36.2%;家庭中有物质滥用者及家庭暴力报告率分别达到了29.5%和28.2%;家人中有犯罪者的报告率最低,为4.4%。男生情感虐待、情感忽视的报告率明显高于女生;家人中有物质滥用者的报告率少数民族学生明显高于汉族学生;城市籍医学生家庭暴力的报告率明显低于其他生源地的医学生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论新疆医学生儿童期不良经历的报告率较高,尤其是情感虐待、家庭中物质滥用者及家庭暴力的报告率高。

Objective To examine the prevalence rate of different adverse childhood experience（ACEs） among medical college students and its characteristics, and to provide evidence for the interventive measurements. Methods A total of 475 medical college students were chosen by stratified cluster sampling and investigated by ACEs questionnaire. Results The prevalence rate of total adverse childhood experiences among the medical college students was 77.1%, it was higher than other study. The prevalence rate of different adverse childhood experiences among medical college students were not equal. The highest was the prevalence rate of emotional abuse （ 36.2% ）, then were the prevalence rate of domestic violence （ 28.2% ） and substance abusers （ 29.5% ）. The lowest was the prevalence rate of incarcerated household member（4.4% ）. The boys had higher report rates of emotional abuse and emotional neglect than girls＇; the minority students had a higher report rate of substance abusers in family than Han students, the medicos from city had the highest report rate of family violence than those from other regions（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of different adverse childhood experiences among medical college students in Xinjiang Autonomous Region is high, especially the prevalence rate of emotional abuse, domestic violence and substance abusers.