云南省2007-2011年学校突发公共卫生事件分析

Analysis of public health emergencies in schools in Yunnan,2007-2011

目的了解云南省学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特点,为有效预防和控制学校突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法,对云南省2007-2011年通过网络报告的学校突发公共卫生事件资料进行统计分析。结果 2007-2011年云南省共报告学校突发公共卫生事件660起,占同期突发公共卫生事件报告起数的65.02%(660/1 015)。学校突发公共卫生事件以传染病事件为主,占总起数的89.09%(588/660),呼吸道传染病占传染病事件数的84.18%(495/588);报告事件数最多的是2009年,占总报告起数的35%(231/660);出现2个发病高峰期,分别为4-6月和9-12月;农村学校的事件数和发病数均高于城市学校,死亡病例仅出现在乡镇学校。结论学校突发公共卫生事件频发,应更加关注学校卫生工作,特别是农村学校的传染病预防控制。加强突发公共卫生事件的监测和及时预警是关键。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of Yunnan public health emergencies occurred in schools, so as to provide scientific basis for their prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the data of public health emergencies occurred in schools from Emergency Public Reporting System in Yunnan, 2007 - 2011. Results From 2007 to 2011,660 public health emergencies in schools were reported in Yunnan, which accounted for 65.02% （660/1 015） of all reported public health emergencies. The major events were those caused by communicable diseases, accounted for 89.09% （588/660）, among which respiratory infectious diseases accounted for 84.18% （495/588）. In 2009 there were the most reports among the 5 years, which accounted for 35% （231/660） of all the events. The peaks of public health emergencies in schools occurred from April to June and from September to December, respectively. There were more events and cases from rural schools than urban schools, and death cases were reported only from rural schools. Conclusion The frequent report of public health emergencies in schools indicates that school health should be promoted, especially in prevention and control of infectious diseases in rural schools. It＇s crucial to focus on monitoring of public health emergencies and detect the early warnings in time.