蚌埠市初中生有氧运动及久坐行为对心理认知的影响

Impact of aerobic exercises and sedentary behaviors on psychology and cognition among middle school students in Bengbu,Anhui province

目的了解蚌埠市初中生有氧运动及久坐行为现状,探讨有氧运动、久坐行为与青少年抑郁症状和焦虑症状等心理健康的关系。方法采用青少年体育锻炼与健康问卷、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表等对方便整群抽取的蚌埠市4所中学100个班级的5 268名学生进行问卷调查;开展有氧运动干预后,分析干预前后肥胖、体重正常学生主要心理健康问题变化情况。结果 5 268名初中生参加足量中等强度、足量大强度体力活动及体力活动缺乏的比例分别为14.7%,36.0%和59.1%。其中肥胖青少年中达到足量大强度有氧运动的比例为42.7%,高于非肥胖青少年,差异有统计学意义。调整性别、年级、家庭类型、自评家庭经济状况、肥胖、水果和蔬菜的摄入以及碳酸饮料的摄入后,久坐行为是青少年抑郁症状(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.31～1.76)、焦虑症状(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.18～1.57)和学校生活不满意(OR=2.07,95%CI:1.79～2.38)的危险因素。足量大强度体力活动是抑郁症状(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.67～0.91)和学校生活不满意(OR=0.73,95%CI:0.62～0.85)的保护因素。结论蚌埠市初中生进行有氧运动的时间较少,而久坐行为却在不断增加;有氧运动、久坐行为与青少年抑郁症状和焦虑症状的发生密切相关。

Objective To describe the prevalence and relationship between the aerobic exercise, sedentary behavior and poor dietary behaviors,depressive symptoms and school life satisfaction among middle school students in Bengbu, Anhui province. Methods A total of 5 268 boys and girls were analyzed from 4 middle schools. Depressive symptoms were assessed, using the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children. The investigation and analysis of obesity and normal weight young students of mental health problems change before and after the aerobic exercise intervention. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used. Results Adolescents self-reported rates of participating in sufficient moderate, vigorous and insufficient PA were 14.7%, 36.0% and 59.1%, respectively. Among the obese adolescents, those who had high enough intensity aerobic exercise accounted for 42. 7%, higher than the non-obese adolescents, the difference had statistical significance. Adjusted for gender, grade, family type, self evaluation of family economic status, obesity （ BMI judgment ）, fruit and vegetable income and intake of carbonated drinks, sedentary behavior was the risk factor to adolescent depressive symptoms （ OR = 1.52, 95% CI： 1.31 - 1.76） , anxiety （ OR = 1. 36,95% CI： 1.18 - 1.57 ） and school life unsatisfaction（ OR = 2.07,95% CI： 1.79 - 2.38 ）. Big enough intensity physical activity was the protective factors to depressive symptoms （ OR = 0.78,95% CI：0. 67 - 0. 91 ） and school life unsatisfaction （ OR = O. 73, 95% CI：0. 62 -0.85 ）. Conclusion The junior middle school students＇ aerobic exercise activity is less, and sedentary behavior is increasing. Aerobic exercise are sedentary behavior are closely related to the incidence of adolescent depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.