上海市长宁区视力不良小学生屈光要素分析

Analysis of refractive factors of pupils with poor eyesight in Changning District

目的了解长宁区视力不良小学生屈光状态及眼球生物测量相关指标,为学龄儿童近视防治计划的制定提供依据。方法随机整群抽取长宁区8所小学5 937名学生进行远视力检查,以任意一眼裸眼视力<5.0者为调查对象,再作屈光度数、眼轴长度、角膜曲率的测量及统计学分析。结果视力不良小学生屈光类型以近视为主,且呈进行性发展。不同屈光组别、不同性别之间眼轴及角膜曲率差异均具有统计学意义。屈光度(y)与眼轴长度(x1)、角膜曲率(x2)间关系的多元线性回归方程为:y=55.622-1.334 x1-0.585 x2(R=0.777)。结论眼轴长度是近视发生、发展的主要影响因素。在学龄儿童中开展有针对性的屈光筛查对早期发现、及时防治屈光不正是有意义的。

Objective To analyze the refractive status, the biometry data of refractive factors of pupils with poor eyesight in Changning District and the relationship between them as well. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 8 primary school students from Changning district. The visual acuity （VA） was measured. If a child＇s VA of one eye was 〈5.0, eye refraction test was taken. Statistical analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted. Results Most of the pupils with poor eyesight were mild myopia which may develop with age. The multivariate linear regression formula of the relationship between refractive diopter （y） and refractive factors including length of optic axis （x1） and corneal refractive power （x2 ） was y = 55. 622 - 1. 334 x1 - 0. 585 x2 （ R = 0.777 ）. Conclusion The length of optic axis is the main factor to myopia. It＇s meaningful to carry out targeted refractive screening in school-age children to discover and prevent refractive errors in time.