从原始鱼祭巫术看鱼灯舞的源流--国家“非遗”保护项目深圳沙头角鱼灯舞试析

国家"非遗"保护项目——深圳市沙头角鱼灯舞是一个融南北文化为一体的颇具岭南文化特色的广场舞蹈。它对于中原文化、客家文化、岭南文化、民俗学和原始宗教信仰的研究均具有较高的学术价值。客家话"鱼"、"吴"谐音,寓意特殊。值得注意的是,沙头角客家吴氏传承的鱼灯舞,由于长期以来人们无法科学解释这一现象,便把它编成了"群鱼"反抗"鱼霸"的故事而广泛流传民间。如果从鱼图腾崇拜的角度分析,鱼灯舞的源流可以追溯到新石器时代仰韶文化氏族公社时期的鱼祭巫术活动。这一文化形态是吴氏族人从黄河流域南迁的征途中,经过不断吸收、融合和发展形成的。

The fish - lantern dance of Shatoujiao in Shenzhen city provides important materials to re- search the culture of Center Plains, the Hakka, Lingnan and folklore, original religious belief. From analysis on fish totemis this article considers the fish - lantern dance can be traced to the original fish - sacrifice of Yangshao culture of Neolithic period at Banpo , Xian city , Shanxi province, this form of culture can be for- mulated through constant absorption , fusion and development on the way of southward migration from the Huanghe River valley to Yangtze valley.