大学生人格障碍病例对照研究

A Case-control Study of Personality Disorders among Undergraduate Students

目的 :了解北京市某重点大学一年级学生的人格特点并探讨父母养育方式及有关因素对大学生人格形成的影响。方法 :使用“一般资料问卷”、“人格诊断问卷”、“父母养育方式问卷”调查北京市某重点大学一年级学生共 2 2 0 5人 ,对“人格诊断问卷”阳性者进一步用IPDE按ICD -10诊断系统进行临床诊断 ,对确诊的 5 5名病例和 2 2 0名对照进行 1∶4配比的病例对照研究 ,通过单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析 ,筛选人格障碍的可疑危险因素。结果 :与人格障碍形成有关的危险因素有父母的拒绝、单亲家庭、父母关系不和睦、家庭经济收入低、独生子女。本研究未见父母的过度保护、父母的偏爱、父母的情感温暖、父母的文化程度、居住地区、民族与人格障碍之间有显著关联。结论 :大学生特别是独生子女的心理健康问题应引起家长、学校和社会的普遍重视。父母们应改善不良的养育方式 ,创造良好的家庭环境 ,使子女的人格健康地发育。对有人格障碍的学生应给予干预性指导和治疗 ,提高他们的社会适应性及对困难和挫折的心理承受能力。

Objective: To explore the personality characteristics among freshmen in one key-university in Beijing and the effect of parental rearing behavior and related factors on personality formation of university students Method: Two thousand two hundred and five freshmen were investigated with Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised (PDQ-R), the Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) scale and the General Information Questionnaire Two hundred and twenty five students with positive PDQ-R scores were examined by International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE), which is an assessment tool of ICD-10 Fifty-five cases diagnosed as personality disorder were individually matched with 220 controls by age and gender and a 1:4 matched case-control study was then performed Results: Conditional logistic regression showed that parental rejection, single-parent family, poor parental relationship, low income, single-child family increased risk of personality disorders No association was detected between personality disorders and parental overprotection, favoring subject, emotional warmth, educational level, residency and race Conclusions: More attention should be paid to mental disorder problems among undergraduate students, especially in one-child families Parental rearing behavior should be improved to create good family environment for children