海洛因依赖患者自然戒断状态下症状频谱的动态变化

Frequency of Withdrawal Symptoms of Natural Detoxification in Heroin Addicts

目的 :了解自然戒断状态下不同时期戒断症状发生率的动态变化以及导致患者复吸的主要原因。方法 :对 15 8例强制戒毒病人 ,于戒断后 2 4小时 ,72小时 ,7天 ,10天 ,1月 ,3月进行戒断症状评定。结果 :急性期戒断症状以焦虑、渴求、失眠、疲乏、食欲减退、疼痛、出汗、流泪、流涕、呵欠等症状的发生频率为高 ,而急性脱瘾后恢复期则以渴求、失眠、疲乏、焦虑 ,性欲望减退、情绪抑郁等为主要表现。导致病人复吸的主要原因依次为心理渴求 ,回到吸毒朋友的社交圈 ,睡眠障碍、周身不适、焦虑不安、空虚无聊、情绪不佳等稽延性症状 ,及来自家庭社会的应激。结论 :海洛因依赖患者在不同的戒断时期症状表现有所不同 ,导致复吸的原因亦多种多样 ,提示在不同戒断时期 ,治疗和预防复吸的方法应有所不同 ,应加强可以人为干预因素的控制 ,减少复吸率。

Objestive: To understand the withdrawal symptoms in different stages of detoxification in nature state and to determine the main reason leading to relapse Method: Withdrawal symptoms of 158 unvolunteer heroin addicts were assessed with Withdrawal Symptoms Assessing Scale at 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, 10 days, 1 month and 3 months after detoxification Results: The withdrawal symptoms most frequently presented in acute detoxification stage were anxiety, craving, insomnia, tiredness, poor appetite, ache, sweating, rhinorrhea, lacrimation and yawning, and those most common in the early recovery stage after acute abstinence were craving, insomnia, tiredness, anxiety, sexual dysfunction and depression The major factors related to relapse were craving, returning to the drug environment, sleeping disorder, general discomfort, anxiety, idleness, depression and stress from family and society Conclusion: Heroin addicted patients present different withdrawal symptoms in different abstinence stages, and many reasons account for relapse The results suggest that different interventions should be employed in different abstinence stages