尽心与知性——朱子对《孟子》“尽心知性”的诠释问题

Chin Hsin/explore Your Mind and Zhi Hsing/know Your Nature:The problem of Interpretation on Mencius by Zhu xi

《孟子—尽心上》第一章(13.1)内容不长,却集结了中国哲学当中最重要的一些概念,义蕴极为丰富,值得重视。但现有这方面的研究成果却相对薄弱。本文对此有所突破。文章集中讨论了第一节义理,围绕朱子的诠释及其批评展开。第一部分介绍两份重要的前人研究(牟宗三与黄俊杰),在此基础上提炼出文章中心议题:朱子的诠释是否歧出于孟子?第二部分对这个问题做出回答,对前人论点、论证都有所辩正,作者认为:关于朱子的诠释歧出于孟子的说法在一定程度上是误解朱子的结果,朱子对尽心知性的诠释,既有文法上的依据,而在哲学上也富于解释效力。

The part one ofMencius-Chin Hsin is short,however it is contains a lot of important concepts of Chinese philosophy,and this part is rich in meaning and deserves attention.Unfortunately the existing researching achievement in this part is relatively weak.So in this paper,these problems get a breakthrough.This paper focuses on the first part and develops it around Zhu Xi′s interpretation and some criticism expansions.The first part of this paper introduces two important predecessors′ research（Mou Zongsan and Huang Junjie）.On the basis of the extracts,the central issues of this paper is： Zhu Xi′s interpretation is different form Mencius？ The second part mainly answers these questions,and corrects the previous arguments and demonstration.The author points out： about Zhuzi′ interpretation is different from Mencius in some degree is a result of misunderstanding of Zhu Xi.The interpretation of Zhu Xi on Chin Hsin and Zhi Hsing both has a grammatical basis and a full validity of the interpretation in philosophy.