不同改良剂对滨海盐渍粉土改良效果的试验研究

Experimental Research for Effects of Different Organic Amendments on Physical and Chemical Properties of Coastal Saline Silt

采用桶栽试验的方法,研究了基质、稻壳和菌糠三种不同有机质改良剂对滨海盐渍粉土理化性质和西红柿产量的影响。研究结果表明:与不加改良剂(CK)相比,三种有机质改良剂可降低表层土壤干容重22.5%～33.1%,孔隙率增加25.5%～37.7%;土壤的含盐量降低5.05%～24.54%。使用改良剂处理的土壤,碱化度(ESP)、pH、土壤交换性Na+、土壤Na+、K+占阳离子总量和土壤Cl-下降,而土壤Ca2+和SO42-增加。三种改良剂均能显著增加西红柿的产量,增幅在24.05%～34.46%;单果总量整体有所提高。结果表明,基质、稻壳和菌糠对滩涂高钠盐粉土均具有较好的改良效果。综合考虑改良剂的价格、材料获得难易程度,稻壳和菌康是较为适宜的滨海盐渍粉土改良材料。

Three different organic amendments（matrix,rice husk and fungus chaff） were used to investigate their effects on the physical and chemical properties of coastal saline silt as well as the tomato yield and its average fruit weight by pot experiments.The results show that these organic soil amendments could reduce soil bulk density and increase soil porosity by 22.5%～33.1% and 25.5%～37.7% respectively,while soil salinity could be reduced by 5.05%～24.54% compared with the control treatment without amendment（CK）.The soil ESP,pH and harmful ions such as soil exchangeability Na＋,Na＋＋K＋ and Cl-would be declined while its Ca2＋ and SO42-would be increased greatly.The tomato yield with amendments could be increased by 24.05%～34.46%,and its average fruit weight could also be improved.The results as mentioned above indicate that the three organic soil amendments could better improve the salt silt of beach.Considering the factors of the price and difficulty to obtain the anendments,the rice husk and fungus chaff are recommended as the suitable soil amendments for coastal saline silt.