社会道德评价对汉赋“德性”比喻叙事的渗透

The Social Morals Evaluation Infiltrated to the Metaphorical Narrative of Han Prosaic Odes with De

比喻在汉赋中并非只有修辞功能。"为德设喻"是赋家在继承先秦德治传统的基础上,受汉代社会政治"德化"氛围影响下形成的赋作叙事特点。"因食设喻"是在周代泛饮食文化思维影响下形成的赋作叙事模式。"卒章显志"或者"文眼"设计之比喻是赋作主旨表达的常见形态,食德结合是赋作比喻常见模式,这是比喻结构赋作、丰富表现手段叙事功能的集中表现。汉代道德评价处于文化机制的强势地位,汉赋比喻叙事的特点是社会道德评价向文学渗透的结果。

Han prosaic odes＇ metaphor has narrative function.Metaphor narrative for De（德） carry on the De（德） tradition by which Zhou had governed,which connected with Han Dynasty＇s social,political,and cultural characteristic.The reason that writers adopted metaphor narrative by food was the outcome of influence by the pandietetic（泛饮食文化） mode on thinking formed in Zhou.Discovering the primary intention in the end,or designing a window to the primary intention,and combing food with De（德） as an usual mode,metaphor was the usual expressing form of Han prosaic odes＇ primary intention,which could construct the whole passage and diversify the expressing way.In Han Dynasty the morals evaluation occupied a dominant position,and the social morals evaluation infiltrated to the literature,so the characteristic of Han prosaic odes＇ metaphor is the result of this infiltration.