从《岭外代答》看周去非的实证精神及认识局限

A Look into Zhou Qufei's Empirical Spirits and Cognition Lmitations Based on "Ling Wai Dai Da"

周去非的《岭外代答》不仅追溯历史,引经据典,还留心日常生活,记录耳闻目睹,对民风民俗亲自考证,表现出可贵的实证精神。然而,记录民俗也有主观臆断、轻率推理与缺乏理性之处。其中,表现出对少数民族风俗的鄙夷、对少数民族彪悍易杀性格的夸大等,都与时代的局限和周去非个人的身份及地位有关。

＂Ling Wai Dai Da＂, by Zhou Qufei gives an account of his quoting the classics and tracing history as well as his attention to the daily life, the record of what he had witnessed or heard about, and his empirical studies on folk customs. However, the record of folk customs contains some subjective assumptions, haste inference and lack of rational reflections, which are embodied in the disdain and misinterpretation for the ethnic folk customs and exaggeration of the fierceness of the ethnic people. These are all associated with the times and the individual identity and status of Zhou Qufei.