不饱和聚酯/粘土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of Unsatured Polyester /Clay Nanocomposite

首先用有机胺通过离子交换反应对层状粘土进行改性，然后将已改性的有机粘土作 为增强介质与通用型不饱和聚酯树脂合成了有机／无机纳米复合材料．利用ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＸＲＤ、 Ｉｎｓｔｒｏｎ等测试手段对其结构和性能进行了表征，并对影响材料形成的各种因素进行了讨论． 结果表明，经有机胺处理的粘土晶层间距得到了膨胀，而且复合材料的 ＸＲＤ曲线中布拉 格衍射峰消失，说明粘土晶层已基本被聚合物撑开，形成层离型纳米复合材料．复合材料 的力学性能明显增强，仅含有３％（质量分数）处理土的复合材料，其抗冲击强度提高３倍．

In this paper, layered-clay was modified by ion-exchanged using some organicammonium cation, and then they were used as the enhancing agent of unsatured Polyester to prepare the Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposite, the structure and properties of these materials were studied by FT-IR, XRD, Instron. And the factors which effect the properties of these composites were discussed. The result showed that the interlayer space of organic-clay has been expanded, in the XRD pattern of unsatured Polyester/clay Nanocomposite, the Bragg distraction perk has disappeared, which showed the interlayer of clay has been inflated by polymer and has formed exfoliated nanoncomposite. The Mechanical property of composite has apparent improvement: when the content of organic clay arrives at 3% (mass fraction), the impact strength of composite is 3 times more than that of the pure resin.