中国古代诗学中的以“人”论诗

Treating Poems as "Humans" in Ancient Chinese Poetry

在中国诗学中 ,以“人”论诗并不仅仅是一种譬喻 ,而是对文学作品由内而外、由本体到形式的全面要求。人懂得如何在所有人的生命活动中运用“内在的固有尺度”,按照美的规律来进行创造。人的文学艺术活动正是这样一种人的自我构成手段 ,是人类从其“内在的固有尺度”出发 ,根据自己的需要和目的所从事的以人为中心的自觉自由的创造。中国传统诗学批评以人为中心的出发点和以“人”论诗的审美标准 。

In ancient Chinese poetry, the treating of poems as “humans” is not only for analogy, but a general requirement of literary works from the inner essence to the outer form. Humans know how to create by exercising “the internal intrinsic degree of freedom”and following aesthetic laws in their life activites. The literary and artistic activities are really such a means of the self formation of humans. Based on their needs and goals, they start with “the internal intrinsic degree of freedom” and are engaged in human centered, conscious and free creation. The traditional Chinese poetry critics, with their human centered starting point and treating poems as “humans” as their criterion of aesthetic assessment, provide enlightenment for the of construction contemporary literary critic field.