探寻比较文学中国学派的学理依据——试论孙景尧比较文学学科方法论思想

Sun Jingyao's Methodology Thought of Comparative Literature

在比较文学的法国学派和美国学派之后,中国学者提出了建立比较文学中国学派的设想。而独特的方法论体系则是中国学派得以形成和发展的学理依据。作为中国比较文学的主要奠基人之一,孙景尧对此作出了重要的贡献。他建构起了既具有中国特色又具有普适意义的比较文学的研究方法:"总体比较研究法"(以"交叉综合研究"为核心,以"本末循环研究"为补充和完善),以及与之相适应的"可比性"要求(理论内涵与方法运用)。学界对孙景尧的论点多有引证,但是对其方法论系统思想尚关注不够,而这正是比较文学研究继西方模式以后的一条可行的新路径。

Following the French school and American school of comparative literature, Chinese scholars put forward an as- sumption of establishing Chinese school. A unique methodology system is the theoretical basis of formation and development of Chinese school. As one of the leading founders of Chinese comparative literature, Sun Jingyao made great contributions to the de- velopment of Chinese comparative literature. He established his own research methodology： the general comparative research method, whose core is the cross comprehensive research supplemented with the circulation research, and comparability of theoret- ical connotation and the method application. The academic circle has not paid enough attention to Sun＇s systematical thought of methodology which is a new and practical way after Western patterns of comparative literature, even though Sun＇ s ideas are often cited in China.