焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃代谢物与肺功能下降的关系

The dose response decrease of lung function associated with the urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites in coke oven workers

目的研究焦炉作业工人尿中多环芳烃（polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons，PAHs）代谢物与肺功能下降的关系，为进-步阐明焦炉工人早期肺部损伤机制以及制订预防职业性肺损伤的策略提供科学依据。方法检测环境中-氧化碳、二氧化硫、苯可溶物、颗粒物及颗粒物上载带PAHs的浓度，采用问卷调查和健康体检的方式收集武汉某焦化厂912名工人的职业信息和健康状况，按照外环境检测结果和职业史分为办公室人群（对照组）和焦炉作业工人（暴露组）。收集工人的清晨尿液，用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测尿中10种PAHs代谢物，并采用肺功能分析仪检测工人的肺功能。结果暴露组的[FEV_1.0（91．12％±13．31％）、FEV_1．0／FVC（108．61％±20．37％）]均明显低于对照组[（94．16％±15．57％）和（113．45％±19．70％）]，暴露组工人的尿PAHs代谢物中羟基菲和1．羟基芘的蓄积作用分别与FEVI_1.0／FVC呈负相关（β=-0．136,β=-0．100）。P值均小于0．05。结论焦炉作业工人尿中PAHs代谢物与肺功能下降相关联，提示长期暴露于职业性PAHs引起工人肺部早期损伤，并且PAHs中的菲和芘有可能是引起焦炉工肺部早期损伤的主要物质。

Objective To analyze the relationship between metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and lung function in coke oven workers, and to provide scientific basis for further exploring the potential mechanism and developing the preventing strategies of the workers＂ early lung damage. Methods We measured carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, benzene soluble matter, particulate matters, and PAHs at different workplaces of a coke oven plant. Detailed information on demography and occupational health condition of 912 workers were collected. We divided these workers into control group and coke oven group according to their workplaces and the different concentrations of COEs in the environment. We detected 10 urinary PAH metabolites and lung function using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and spirometric tests, respectively. Results FE_1.0 （91.12±13.31） and FEV_1.0/FVC （108.61±20.37） of the coke oven group is significantly lower than the control group （94.16 ±15.57, 113.45 ±19.70）. In the coke oven group, the hydroxyphenanthrene and 1-hydroxypyrene are negatively correlated with FEV_1.0/FVC （β=-0.136, β=-0.100）, Ptrend〈0.05 for all. Conclusion The dose response decrease of lung function is associated with the urinary PAH metabolites in coke oven workers. Indicated that the long exposure to PAHs may cause the early lung damage in coke oven workers, phenanthrene and pyrene may be the main factors.