北京海淀地区大学生对女性微笑时前牙美学参数认知及关注程度的调查

The concern and preference of college students in Beijing Haidian district for female maxillary anterior tooth esthetic factors

目的调查北京海淀地区大学生对不同女性微笑时前牙美学参数的认知和对前牙美学的关注程度，以便临床医师了解年轻患者对牙科美学的需求。方法采用多张单一变量口唇部照片，调查北京海淀地区10所高校大学生对唇齿关系、牙齿形态、牙龈形态等5项美学参数的认知。采用表格评分研究受访者对上前牙牙齿形态、牙齿排列、牙龈形态等20个方面的关注程度。应用SPSS17．0软件进行卡方检验。结果共发放500份问卷，回收有效问卷408份，47．5％（194／408）的人更喜欢“上前牙切端与下唇轻微接触”；49．5％（202／408）认为“微笑时露出8颗牙齿”更美观；69．1％（282／408）更喜欢“上中切牙为卵圆形”；52．5％（214／408）选择上中切牙牙冠宽长比为0．85；49．5％（202／408）认为上前牙龈缘连线“与水平面平行”更美观。男性对前牙美观的关注百分比为52．6％（100／190），女性为59．6％（130／218）。结论大部分受访者的选择与经典美学原则相符，不同性别在美学参数的认知和关注程度上存在差异。

Objective To evaluate Beijing college students＇ concern and preference for maxillary anterior tooth esthetic factors. Methods Several images about lip and tooth were made through computer. A questionnaire was sent out to students in ten colleges and then collected. There were five factors to be evaluated： relationship of maxillary incisors and lower lip, numbers of tooth exposed, shape of centric incisor, crown width-length ratio, gingival margin. Concern of the beauty of anterior tooth, ie. tooth shape, tooth arrangement, shape of gingiva and so on, were then analyzed. Results There were 408 responses collected, and 47.5% （194/408） of them preferred light contact between upper incisors and lower lip; 49.5% （202/408） preferred 8 tooth exposed when smile; 69. 1% （282/408） preferred oval crown shape; 52. 5% （214/408） preferred 0. 85 as a crown width-length ratio; 49. 5% （202/408） of responses chose the curve of gingiva runs horizontal. The average score of concern for male was 52. 6% （ 100/190）, for female was 59. 6% （130/218）. Conclusions Most results from this study accord with the classical principles of tooth esthetics. Sex affects the concern and preferences of maxillary anterior tooth esthetics factors.