摘要
北美LNG出口项目的进展备受市场关注。截至2012年10月初,除了最早的阿拉斯加LNG出口项目外,美国还有9个、加拿大有6个LNG出口项目计划。美加油气出口项目在地理位置、全产业链成本、定价机制、项目建设期风险与政策走向方面差异巨大。哪些项目更值得关注?
Due to the significant difference between natural gas prices in the North American and Asia-Pacific markets, the progress of North America’s LNG export projects attracts considerable market attention.ByearlyOctober2012,apart from the earliest LNG export projects in Alaska, another nine LNG exports are in the planning stage in the US, while Canada is planning six such projects and one crude pipeline project named 'Northern Gateway'. Both the US and Canada belong to North America, however, their oil & gas export projects differ enormously in terms of their geographical position, overall industrial chain costs, pricing mechanisms, risks during project construction, and policy direction. Export projects along the US and Mexican coasts may be implemented on the basis of existing infrastructure, so the construction costs are low. There is, nevertheless, uncertainty with regard to government approval.Export projects in Canada are actively promoted by the government,but nearly all upstream, midstream and downstream infrastructure needs to be constructed and a great deal of uncertainty exists as a result of the massive investment, long period, and risks to the environment, approval by native people and market competition.Among the LNG export permits approved by the US Department of Energy, apart from the Sabine Pass project, all other export permits stated that only countries that have signed free trade agreements with the US can be export destinations.The government evaluation report expected to be published around the end of 2012 will highlight relevant policies of the US. It really matters if China can arrive at LNG agreements with the US, the LNG market in the Asia-Pacific can form a market mechanism and China’s natural gas pricing mechanism can be straightened out.
出处
《国际石油经济》
2012年第10期62-68,110-111,共7页
International Petroleum Economics
