重点高校入学机会城乡不公原因析论

The Reasons Causing Inequality of Access to Key Universities Between Urban and Rural Students

高等教育进入大众化阶段以后,重点高校农村生源所占比例不断下降,获取优质高等教育机会的城乡不公问题迅速成为社会焦点。重点高校农村生源比例下降与基础教育、高校招生考试、高校招生录取密切相关。基础教育的城乡差异使得农村学生输在了竞争重点高校的"起跑线"上,体现程序公平的高校招生考试在报考、施考、命题等环节渗含着"歧视"农村考生的因素,高校招生录取过程中的加分政策、生源属地化倾向也更加有利于城市考生。

Since higher education goes into the stage of massification, the proportion of rural students in key universities has been declining, and the inequality of gaining higher quality resources of higher education between the urban and the rural quickly becomes the focus of attention. The decline in the proportion of rural students in key universities is closely related to elementary education, college entrance exam and college admissions. The differences between urban and rural areas in elementary education lead to rural students＇ lossatthe ＂starting line＂ of competing for entering the key universities. College entrance examination which embodies procedural fairness ＂discriminates＂ rural students in application, test, proposition and so on. Bonus policy and students localization tendency in the process of college admissions are also more advantageous to urban students.