辅助性T-17细胞在根尖周炎中的免疫病理作用

Immunopathological role of help T cell-17 in periapical lesions

辅助性T(Th)-17细胞是一种与Th-1和2细胞亚群不同的新的辅助性CD4阳性T细胞亚群,其分化调节与多种细胞因子有关,可以清除特定的细胞外病原体起到保护宿主的作用,对自身抗原的特异性又可导致炎症和自身免疫性疾病。根尖周炎的具体发病机制尚不清楚,但先天性和获得性免疫反应在根尖周炎症中起着重要的作用,而Th-17细胞的发现有助于诠释Th-1和2细胞中的一些异常现象,更好地认识Th-17细胞在根尖周炎疾病发生过程中的免疫病理作用。根尖周炎是一种多数继发于根管牙髓感染,以持续的抗原刺激引起宿主反应和根尖部牙槽骨组织破坏为主要特征的牙体牙髓疾病,其病理机制与局部炎症和免疫反应密切相关。本文就Th-17细胞、Th-17细胞的分化和调节、Th-17细胞与根尖周炎宿主免疫炎症反应间的关系等研究进展作一综述。

Help T cells （Th）-17 cells are identified as a new subset of CD4 positive T cells unrelated to Thl or Th-2 cells, and several cytokines are involved in regulating their activation and differentiation. Th-17 cells not only play an important role in host defense against extraeellular pathogens, but also are associated with the development of autoimmunity and inflammatory response. Although the pathological mechanisms of periapaical lesions are not fully understood, accumulating evidence suggests that the abnormality of innate and adaptive immunity responses play an important role in periapical lesions inflammation. The identification of Th-17 cells can explain some of the anomalies seen in the Th-1, 111-2 axis and the immunopathogenesis of Th-17 cells in development of the periapical lesions. Periapieal lesions, which form as a result of a root canal infection, are characterized by a host response to continuous antigenic stimulation in the infected canals and periapieal bone destruction. Its pathological mechanisms are closely related to local inflammatory and immunity of periapieal tissue. This review will introduce the Th-17 cells, the differ- entiation and fanctions of Th-17 cells in addition to the relationships between 111-17 cells and periapical lesions.