杭州地区腹泻患儿轮状病毒感染流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus infection among diarrhea children in Hangzhou

【目的】探讨杭州地区腹泻儿童感染A组轮状病毒的流行病学特征,指导临床防治。【方法】对2007-2011年门诊和住院的急性腹泻儿童的大便进行轮状病毒抗原检测,并采用统计方法分析流行病学特征。【结果】杭州地区2007-2011年腹泻儿童A组轮状病毒平均阳性率为29.25%。阳性率从2007年的39.42%下降到2011年的19.61%,其中每年11-12月份为儿童轮状病毒感染高峰期;且以6～18月的患儿感染率最高。腹泻儿童中门诊轮状病毒阳性率为32.28%,住院儿童的阳性率为20.70%。【结论】杭州地区儿童A组轮状病毒感染率低于全国平均水平,而且有逐年下降趋势。在今后应加快安全高效的轮状病毒疫苗的开发,从根本上解决儿童轮状病毒的危害。

[Objective] To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the children infected with rotavirus in Hangzhou,and to provide evidence to prevent and cure the children with acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection. [Method] The antigen assay of rotavirus in stool from the outpatient and inpatient children with acute diarrhea was era-ployed in 2007--2011,and the positive patient information was statistically analyzed. [Results] The rotavirus-positive rate of the children of Hangzhou was 29.25 % in 2007--2011, the annual rotavirus-positive rate decreased from 39.42% in 2007 to 19.61% in 2011. The epidemic period of children rotavirus was mainly in November and December of every year, and the children aged 6~18 months had the high infection rate. The rotavirus-positive rate was 32.28% in outpatient children with diarrhea,and the positive rate was 20.70% in hospitalized children. [Conclusion] The children rotavirus infection rate was lower than the national average level in Hangzhou,the safe and effective rotavirus vaccine development may eradi- cate the hazards of children rotavirus in the prevention and treatment of children rotavirus.