论中国古代作者“超奇”说的批评学意义——王充《论衡·超奇》的作者理论研究

On the Significance of Theory of "Chao Qi" Criticism of Ancient Chinese Authors: A Study on Author Theory of Wang Chong's Chao Qi in Lun Heng

汉代王充《论衡·超奇》是中国古代首篇作者论,其中系统而全面地论述了作者理论和作者批评理论。王充作者论的核心是"超奇"说,这既是对作者身份的确立和对作者价值地位的认定,又是对作者构成要素的高度概括。我们可从"述"与"作"、"尚用"与"尚文"、"精诚"与"虚妄"、"珍古"与"惜今"等角度发掘其作者意识和作者批评意识,从而为作者批评理论的建设奠定基础。

＂Chao Qi＂ in Lun Heng by Wang Chong in Han Dynasty is the first article on author theory in ancient China,systematically discussing author theory and author critical theory.The core of Wang Chong＇s author theory is ＂Chao Qi＂,which is not only an establishment of author identity and affirmation of author value and status,but also a summarization of constructing components of author.We can explore its author consciousness and author criticizing consciousness from perspective of ＂narration＂ and ＂writing＂,＂practice advocating＂ and ＂theory advocating＂,＂absolute sincerity＂ and ＂absolute fabricating＂,＂history treasuring＂ and ＂present day cherishing＂,thus forming a basis for author criticism theory.