2008-2010年郑州市手足口病报告病例流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhengzhou 2008-2010

目的了解2008-2010年郑州市手足口病的流行时间、地区、人群分布以及病原构成。方法运用描述性流行病学方法,对2008-2010年郑州市手足口病资料进行分析。结果 2008、2009和2010年郑州市报告手足口病分别为1 778例、17 792例和7 789例,发病率分别为26.21/10万、260.56/10万和113.49/10万,重症病例数分别为1、564、513例,死亡0、1和5例。市区手足口病的发病率高于农村,病例主要集中在5岁以下儿童,占发病总数的91.85%,2岁组儿童发病率最高,为3 301.71/10万,散居儿童发病占68.39%。不同类型疾病病原构成存在差异,普通病例、重症EV71检测阳性差异有统计学意义(x2=173.82,P<0.01)。结论城乡之间手足口病分布差异有统计学意义,5岁以下是发病主要人群,EV71为本市手足口病优势病原。做好手足口病的监测报告,加强卫生宣教,强化居民防病意识,落实各项防控措施是防控手足口病的关键。

Objective To clarily the seasonal geographical difference and pathogen patterns in order to provide reference of prevention and control of the disease in Zhengzhou 2008-2010. Methods We analyzed the epidemiological data of HFMD through descriptive study. Results There were 1 778,17 792 and 7 789 reported HFMD cases in 2008, 2009 and 2010 in Zhengzhou, of which 1,564 and 513 were severe and 0, land 5 were fatal respectively. The incidence rates were 26.21/10million, 260.56/10million and 113.49/lOmillion. The incidence rates in urban was higher than rural. HFMD cases were concentrated mainly in 5 year-old or even younger children, accounted for 91.85 % of the total cases. The incidence rates of 2 year-old was 3 301.71/10million, and the scattered living children accounted for 68.395 % of the total cases. There was a difference between the pathogens. There was significant difference between severe, cases and common cases for human enterovirus 71 （EV71） isolate （x2 =173.82,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The epidemic of HFMD was different between urban and rural. Children of 5 year-old or under were the major population groups at risk of HFMD. HEV71 was the major etiologic agents of HFMD. It is the key to monitor and report the disease, to strengthen health education, to enhance awareness of the residents preventing disease and implement prevention and control measures.