美国职业发展为导向的体育硕士专业学位教育改革及启示

The Career-development Oriented Educational Reform and Implications of Graduate Education of Professional Master's Degree of Kinesiology and Physical Education in the United States

采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,分析并总结了美国体育硕士专业学位研究生教育在新范式主导下改革的特点:专业领域较多、培养目标明确;准入制度严格、注重知识衔接;课程设置强调学术性、突出职业性;优选教学案例,强调实践教学;学业评估机制健全,确保人才质量。以此为借鉴,可从5个方面思考我国体育硕士专业学位研究生教育的改革:准确把握专业学位特性,明确各专业领域培养目标;调整招生结构,改革招考办法;课程设置以职业发展为取向,教学模式以实践为导向;健全外部保障机制,强化内部保障作用;促进学位与职业的融合,谋求体育硕士专业学位教育的可持续发展。

Based on literature review and logical analysis and other research methods, this paper analyzes and sum marizes the features of graduate education of professional master＇ s degree of kinesiology and physical education in the United States. The features are many areas of specialty, clear training objectives, strict access system, knowl edge convergence and profession focusing, teaching cases selected, practice teaching emphasized and complete ac ademic evaluation mechanism to ensure the quality of talents. Taking the U. S as a reference, the reform of China＇ s graduate education of professional master＇ s degree of kinesiology and physical education can be improved from the following five aspects： accurately grasping the professional degree features, clarifying the training objectives of specialty fields; adjusting the enrollment structure, reforming the recruitment approach; setting careeroriented curriculum and practiceoriented teaching model; improving the external guarantee mechanism and strengthening internal security function; promoting the integration of the degree and occupation, and seeking for sustainable de velopment of the graduate education of professional master＇ s degree of kinesiology and physical education.