由气到韵:对陶渊明诗文品评的转变

From “Vitality and Vigor” to “Spirit and Rhyme”:Shifting Commentaries on Tao Yuanming's Poetry

从晋代到宋代,古人对陶渊明诗文风格的品评,出现了一个由气到韵的转变。晋代钟嵘在《诗品》中指出渊明诗文中蕴含着阳刚之气,彰显了陶著"气"的风格;而宋代范温在《潜溪诗眼》中结合苏轼的评价,阐释出了渊明诗文"韵"的魅力。由于时代审美风气的转向,宋人从新的角度鉴赏诗文,陶诗的妙处便被更透彻地参悟出来,最终使得陶诗地位经典化。

From the Jin Dynasty all the way to the Song Dynasty, there had been a general shift from stressing “vi- i tality and vigor” to emphasizing “spirit and rhyme” in commentaries on the styles of Tao Yuanming＇ s poetic writ- ings. This paper tries to delineate the threads of such shifts from macro perspectives and, at the same time, inter- prets and analyzes several important texts commenting on Tao＇ s poetry. It is found that, due to changes in people＇ s aesthetic perception and evolution in aesthetic ethos of the time as a whole, people in the Song Dynasty tended to appreciate Tao＇s poetic works by emphasizing the “spirit and rhyme” and thus were better able to reveal the nu- ances and delicacies of Tao＇s poetry.