金融危机前后的美国大学教师:对四所研究型大学的调查

US University Faculty and Research Fellows before and after Global Financial Crisis:A Study on Four Research Universities

从人员数量及薪酬水平两个方面研究了金融危机对美国四所研究型大学专任教师和专职科研人员的影响。研究发现,金融危机发生前后,斯坦福大学、耶鲁大学、加州大学伯克利分校以及华盛顿大学西雅图分校的终身制教师数量稳中有升,非终身制教师数量略减,而专职科研人员数量则在原有基础上大幅增加。专任教师和专职科研人员的薪酬水平与金融危机发生前相比,累计上涨明显。美国联邦政府基于《重建和再投资法案(ARRA)》划拨给大学的科研经费为金融危机发生后专职科研人员数量的增长和薪酬水平的稳定做出了重要贡献。

This paper studies the impact of global financial crisis on faculty and research fellows in four US research universities from perspectives of number and salaries. Using empirical data,this paper finds that years before and after the global financial crisis,the number of tenure-track professors in Stanford University, Yale University, UC Berkeley and University of Washington-Seattle increased steadily, while the number of non tenure-track professors fell slightly and the number of research fellows increased significantly. It also finds that the salary of faculty and research fellows increased significantly after the global financial crisis. The federal American Recovery and Reinvestment Act （ARRA） stimulus funds for research supported both of the expansion of research fellows number and salaries.