我国医疗侵权案件举证责任分配的司法对策

Countermeasures for the Allocation of Burden of Proof in Medical Infringement Cases

对于医疗侵权案件的举证责任分配问题,我国2010年7月1日生效的《侵权责任法》一改过去要求医院对其不存在医疗过错负举证责任的做法,有加重原告患者举证负担的嫌疑。该法的出台,在司法实践中引起了巨大的争议。在《侵权责任法》短期内难以修改的情况下,我国法院在审判实践中应综合运用法院调解、表见证明、证明责任倒置和证明妨碍等多种司法技术,来贯彻落实"减轻患者的证明负担、平衡医患利益关系"这一基本司法政策。

Since July 1st, 2010, the Tort Law of PRC has become effective. According to this new law, the hospitals are not responsible for the medical accident only after their negligence is proved by the patients. Theses new rules are disputable in theory and practice. Since the Tort Law of PRC would not be amended within the short period of time, the court should take effective measures to alleviate the patients＇ burden of proof in judicial prac- tice. Such measures may include judicial mediation, prima - facie - evidence theory, inverted burden of proof, and system of obstruction of evidence, etc. In a word, the Balancing of Interest Theory should be paid more attention.