鲜食型糯玉米出籽率和皮渣率的遗传特性及配合力分析

Analysis of genetic characteristic and combining ability on seed rate and residue rate in fresh-eatable waxy corn

以7个鲜食型糯玉米自交系为亲本,按照Griffing完全双列杂交方法Ⅳ配制杂交组合,分析了糯玉米出籽率和皮渣率的遗传特性和配合力效应.结果表明:糯玉米出籽率与皮渣率受加性基因和非加性基因的共同控制,以非加性效应为主;7个亲本的出籽率一般配合力(General combining ability,GCA)效应大小值顺序为N4>N8>N23>N27>N22>N46>N28,皮渣率GCA大小值为N46>N28>N8>N27>N4>N23>N22;两性状广义遗传率都较高,分别为90.15%和80.20%,而狭义遗传力均较低,分别为32.43%和29.42%;N4和N8可作为选育高出籽率优良组合的理想亲本,N23可作为选育低皮渣率优良组合的理想亲本.

According to Griffing method Ⅳ, a set of combinations involving seven inbred lines were used to study the effect of genetic characteristic and combining ability of seed rate and residue rate in waxy corn. The results indicated that the inheritance of seed rate and residue rate were mainly controlled by non-additive genes, and affected by additive genes as well; the order of seed rate general combining abil- ity （GCA） effect value was ： N4 〉 N8 〉 N23 〉 N27 〉 N22 〉 N46 〉 N28, the order of residue rate GCA effect value was ： N46 〉 N28 〉 N8 〉 N27 〉 N4 〉 N23 〉 N22 ; both the seed rate and residue rate showed high general heritability, were 90. 15% and 80. 20% respectively, and low narrow heritability were 32.43% and 29.42% respectively. According to the analysis of combining ability and variance analysis of parents and combinations, the utilization value of the inbreds was synthetically evaluated. N4 and N8 were the excellent inbred lines for seed rate, and N23 was the excellent parent for residue rate in breed- ing practice.