山东荣成靖海卫海滩侵蚀研究与防护建议

Beach Erosion Research in Jinghaiwei,Rongcheng,Shandong

靖海卫海滩近年来侵蚀作用明显,岸线后退加剧,对沿岸居民生活和安全造成危害。通过多次实地剖面监测、探槽分析、粒度分析等方法,辅以GENESIS模型模拟和多年遥感图像比对验证,分析该区域不同时期、不同速率侵蚀的特殊因素,得出研究区长期以来因人类活动和自然因素而遭受侵蚀,2005年以来因人类活动加剧导致侵蚀速率成倍增长,海岸严重蚀退,海滩逐步消亡。通过海滩演化过程的数值模拟和侵蚀速率分析,预测在人类活动影响下海滩的演变趋势,并结合分析结果提出平衡剖面控制下的海滩自然防护体系与"四大禁区"概念,提出了砂质海岸防护和提高近岸工程布设合理性的建议。

The phenomenon of erosion and shoreline retreat became more and more serious recent years in Jinghaiwei （JHW） beach, and it had seriously threatened the villagers＇ daily life and safety. The special reasons of erosion in different period and rates were analyzed in JHW beach by the methods of regular monitoring, beach bedding analysis, grain size analysis, and the contrast verification of remote sensing images and numerical simulation （with GENESIS model）. Further, the result shows that the reasons are human activities and natural factors. Especially after 2005, the intensification of human activities leads to the increase of erosion rate, with the serious erosion of coast and disappearance of beach. The evolutionary tendency was predicted in the effect of human activities by the numerical simulation of evolution process and analysis of rate. Finally, the conception of the natural beach protection system and the Four forbidden zones＇ in the control of balanced cross section will be put forward, and the advice of coast pro tection and rationality of costal engineering based on results of analysis will be also given.