山东威海滨海沙滩动力地貌特征

Morphodynamic Feature on the Beaches in Weihai,Shandong Province

通过现场调查数据和动力地貌分析,探讨了山东威海滨海沙滩剖面形态及其动力学特征。将研究区砂质海岸地貌类型分为岬湾型、沙坝泻湖型2种,其中沙坝泻湖型又可分为沙坝型,沙咀型和连岛型3种亚型。在海岸地貌类型、海洋动力和人为因素影响下,研究区的沙滩形态表现出显著的差异。依据破波尺度参数ε的大小,研究区沙滩可分为反射型、沙坝-槽谷型、低潮阶地型和耗散型4种类型。沙滩开发利用和养护对策的制定,应该针对海岸地貌类型和沙滩形态而区别对待。

Through the field investigated data and dynamic geomorphology analyzing, the authors researched the profile forms and dynamic feature of the beaches in Weihai, Shandong province. The coastal landform was differentiated into two types, cape-bay coast and barrier-lagoon coast. Barrier-lagoon coast can be differentiated into three types： barrier type, sand spit type and tombolo type. Under the influence of coastal landform types, ocean dynamics and man-made factors, the basic morphologies of the beaches in Weihai, Shandong province have remarkable difference. According to the value of ε the beaches have four types： reflective beach, longshore bar-trough beach, low tide terrace beach and dissipative beach. The scheme of beach development, utilization and nourishment should base on its coastal landform type and beach morphologic feature.