接种卡介苗与新生儿病理性黄疸发生及严重程度的相关性分析

The Relative Analysis for BCG Vaccination and the Severity of Neonatal Pathological Jaundice

目的分析接种卡介苗与新生儿病理性黄疸发生及严重程度的相关性。方法回顾性分析我院2012年3月至6月的180例新生儿的临床资料,其中剖宫产54例,顺产126例,剖宫产者产后5d出院时为新生儿接种卡介苗的26例(A组)、生后48h接种的28例(B组),顺产者产后3d出院时接种的65例(C组)、产后12h接种的60例(D组),采用BF型经皮测胆仪测定新生儿额头部胆红素数值并记录,观察各组新生儿病理性黄疸发生情况以及严重程度。结果 A、B组新生儿住院期间的胆红素峰值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),新生儿病理性黄疸发病率分别为38.5%、42.9%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);C、D组新生儿住院期间的胆红素峰值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),新生儿病理性黄疸发病率分别为30.7%、65.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);四组中病理性黄疸患儿的胆红素峰值比较,D组>C组>B组>A组。结论接种卡介苗与新生儿病理性黄疸发生及严重程度存在相关性,接种卡介苗时间越早,病理性黄疸的发生率越高,且严重程度越高,建议在新生儿出生48h后接种卡介苗。

[ Objective To analyze the relation for BCG vaccination and the severity of neonatal pathological jaundice. Methods The clinical data of 180 cases of newborns in our hospital from March 2012 to June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively, including 54 cases of cesarean section and 126 cases of eutocia. 26 cases were taken for BCG vaccination for the neonatal 5 days discharged after esarean section （group A）, 28 cases were taken with vaccination 48 hours after birth （group B）. 65 cases were taken with vaccination 3 days after postpartum hospital discharge （group C）, 60 cases were taken for vaccination 12 hours after breathing （group D）. The neonatal pathological jaundice as well as the severity of the groups was taken for observation. Results The difference of the bilirubin peak for the comparison in A and B groups in the hospitalization time was without statistically significance （P 〉0.05）, the incidence of neonatal jaundice was 38.5% and 42.9%, and the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. The difference of group C, D neonatal bilirubin peak during hospitalization was not statistically significant （P 〉0.05）, the neonatal pathological jaundice incidence rates were 30.7%, 65.0%, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. The jaundice bilirubin peak compared in the four groups： group D 〉 group C 〉 group B 〉 group A. Conclusions BCG vaccination and the occurrence of neonatal pathological jaundice and severe degrees are correlated, the earlier of BCG vaccination, the higher the incidence of pathological jaundice, and the higher the severity, it is recommended that BCG vaccination should be taken after 48 hours for newborns.