1991-2009年中国九省（区）儿童青少年膳食维生素C摄入状况及变化趋势

Trend in dietary vitamin C intake among Chinese children and adolescents between 1991 and 2009

目的分析1991-2009年我国9个省（区）6—17岁儿童青少年膳食维生素C摄入状况及变化趋势。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，于1991、1993、1997、2000、2004、2006和2009年分别在9个省（区）调查了2716、2691、2507、2358、1490、1218、1073名6～17岁儿童青少年，对其3d24h膳食回顾数据进行描述性分析，比较不同年份及不同特征儿童青少年维生素C摄入情况。结果我国儿童青少年维生素C摄入量中位数从1991年的69．7mg／a下降到2009年的53．4mg/d（X^2=188．1，P〈0．01），农村儿童青少年从1991年的73．7mg／d下降到2009年的52．5mg／d（X^2=96．7，P〈0．01），低收入家庭的儿童青少年从1991年的74．3mg／d下降到2009年的47．5mg／d（X^2=172．9，P〈0．01）。达到维生素C推荐摄入量的儿童青少年比例从1991年的35．9％（974／2716）下降到2009年的18．5％（198／1073）（X^2=284．7，P〈0．01）。结论我国儿童青少年膳食维生素C摄入量呈现下降趋势，农村低收入家庭的儿童青少年可能存在维生素C摄入不足的较大危险。

Objective To examine status and trend in dietary vitamin C intake between 1991 and 2009 in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years. Methods A stratified multistage, random cluster sampling process was used to investigate 2716,2691,2507,2358,1490,1218 and 1073 children and adolescents aged 6--17 years in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 respectively in 9 provinces. Their consecutive 3 d 24 h dietary recall data were analyzed to compare vitamin C intake in children and adolescents with different characteristics and different years. Results The median of dietary vitamin C intake in Chinese children and adolescents decreased from 69.7 mg/d in 1991 to 53.4 mg/d in 2009 （X^2 = 188. 1, P 〈 0.01 ）. Vitamin C intake of rural children and adolescents decreased from 73.7 rag/din1991 to 52.5 mg/d in 2009 （X^2 =96.7,P 〈0.01）; vitamin C intake of children and adolescents in the low-income household decreased from 74. 3 mg/d in 1991 to 47.5 mg/d in 2009 （ X^2 = 172. 9,P 〈 0. 01 ）. The percentage of children and adolescents whose vitamin C intake equal or higher than recommended nutrient intake of vitamin C decreased from 35.9% （974/2716） in 1991 to 18.5% （198/ 1073） in 2009 （ X^2 = 284.7 ,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion There was a decreased trend in dietary vitamin C in Chinese children and adolescents during the past two decades. The children and adolescents of low-income household in rural areas may pose a higher risk of inadequate vitamin C intake.