不同施肥对浙南马蹄笋产量与品质的影响

Effect of different fertilization on yield and quality of bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami in southern Zhejiang

采用6种肥料组合研究施肥对马蹄笋产量和品质的影响,结果表明:不同施肥对马蹄笋出笋数量和产量有显著的影响,以春季施复混肥,夏季施无机配方肥的效果最好,较不施肥处理的出笋数量与产量分别增加68.00%和70.24%,较施用复合肥的高27.3%和26.5%,且春、夏二次施入较春季一次施入更有利于出笋;同时对笋营养成分和氨基酸含量进行检测分析,结果表明:施肥能明显提高笋的营养成分和氨基酸含量,改善了笋体品质。经综合分析认为:春季施复混肥(4.8 kg·丛-1),夏季施无机配方肥(尿素0.4 kg·丛-1,过磷酸钙0.59 kg·丛-1,硫酸钾0.44 kg·丛-1)对提高马蹄笋产量和品质的效果最好。

Six kinds of fertilizer combination were used to study effect of fertilization on yield and quality of bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami. The results showed that different fertilization had significant influence on yield and quality of bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami. The best effect was found when organic-inorganic com- pound fertilizer was applied in spring and inorganic formula fertilizer was applied in summer. Compared with no fer- tilizer, the yield and quality of bamboo shoots increased by 68.00% and 70. 24% respectively, and were 27.3% and 26. 5% higher than compound fertilizer, respectively. Fertilization twice in spring and summer was more condu- cive to shoot emergence than fertilization once in spring. Fertilization significantly improved nutritional contents, ami- no acid contents and quality of shoots. The results of comprehensive analysis ＇showed that organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was applied 4.8 kg each clump in spring, and inorganic formula fertilizer（ carbamide 0. 4 kg, calcium su- perphosphate 0. 59 kg, K2SO4 0.44 kg, each clump） was applied in summer, which was the best for improving yield and quality of shoots.