西南山地玉米高效节水灌溉技术研究

Study on Water-saving Irrigation Technology for Maize in Southwest Mountain

[目的]探求适合西南山地地区的的玉米节水灌溉制度。[方法]在玉米各个生育期设计不同的土壤含水率上下限值,通过测坑试验测量玉米在不同水分处理下的灌溉定额及水分生产率。[结果]玉米的需水敏感期为抽雄期,在抽雄灌浆期保持较高的水分可以提高玉米的产量。玉米的产量和灌水量呈明显的二次抛物线关系,当耗水量小于某一临界值时,产量会随着水量的增加而增加,但当超过最大之后,产量反而会随着水量的增加而减少。[结论]该研究可为农田水资源的高效利用提供理论依据。

[Objective] The aim was to explore a suitable maize water-saving irrigation technology in Southwest Mountain.[Method] Different upper and lower limit values of soil water content were designed at different growth period of maize,then its irrigation quota and water productivity were measured by leaching-pond test.[Result] Maize＇s water demand sensitive period was tasseling stage,high water content at tasseling and milking stage improved maize＇s yield.Maize＇s yield had a significant quadratic parabola relationship with irrigation amount,and when water consumption was less than certain critical value,its yield increased with irrigation amount rising,while when more than the upper value,its yield decreased with irrigation amount rising.[Conclusion] The study provides a theoretical basis for high efficient utilization of farmland water resources.