无损充电及微功耗电驱动系统（五）

Nondestructive Battery Charging and Micro-Power Electric Driving System （5）

介绍蓄电池的无损充电及自行车、汽车、火车的微功耗电驱动系统。“整体串联恒流、单体并联恒压”的充电方法，实现了无损耗充电。无损的含意有两层，一是充电功率基本无损耗，二是电池本身在充放电过程中完全无损害，该无损充电机仅由简单电路实现，无过充、过热、过放、过流、短路现象，充电终了时所有单体电池的端电压完全相等；“只需把输入功率中的极小部分进行传统功率变换，就可以全部转换成输出功率”，实现了微功耗电驱动，即输入功率中绝大部分既不必进行实际的功率变换，也不必通过磁芯变压器或电感传递，直接到达输出端而成为输出功率，该微功耗电驱动系统的主功率器件不采用脉宽调制（PWM），电路简单，功耗极小而寿命极长，其成本、体积、重量、功耗都是传统电驱动系统的十分之一。

Nondestructive Charging of batteries and micro-power electric driving system of bicycles, cars and trains are introduced in this paper. The method of ＂holistic tandem constant current and individual parallel constant voltage＂ realizes the nondestructive charging. Nondestructive means： （1） nearly lossless for charging power and （2） damage-free for batteries. The nondestructive charger is only built up by simple circuits, without over-charge, over-heating, over-discharge, over-current and short-circuit phenomena, and at the end of charging terminal voltages are equal for all individual batteries. Only by using a very small portion of the input power for traditional power conversion, it can be completely converted to the output power＂, which attains micro-power electric driving, that is, most of the input power is not utilized for actual power conversion and is directly converted to output power without going through magnetic-core transformers or inductors. The micro-power electric driving system does not adopt pulse width modulation for main power devices, and its circuits are simple, the power consumption is very low and it has extremely long life. And its cost, size, weight and power consumption are all one tenth of traditional driving systems.