聚丙烯腈基活性碳纤维及其应用

Activated carbon fiber from PAN precursor and its application

活性碳纤维(ACF)是一种多孔材料,它可以通过物理或化学的方式从液体或气体中吸附多种成分,因此被用于许多应用中,特别是污染气体的净化、有毒气体的吸收、气体的分离、空调的除臭和水的净化等,ACF还可应用于医药领域。活性碳的另一种类粒状活性碳(GAC)同样可应用于以上各领域。尽管ACF的价格很高,但ACF的使用却更为广泛,这主要是因为其蓬松度大、孔径均匀,使它的吸收量和传质系数比粒状活性碳高12～15倍。原材料性能及碳化与活化工艺影响最终ACF的微孔数量和总表面积。由聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝制得的ACF有着独特的吸收性能和相当高的强度。

Activated carbon fibers （ACF） are porous （Fig. 1 ） materials which absorb various components from liquid or gaseous media through physical or chemical adsorption. So they are used in various applications, espe- cially purification of contaminated gases, adsorption of poisonous gases, separation of gases, deodorizers for air conditioners, water purification, etc. In addition to this, ACFs are also used in medicine. Another cate- gory of activated carbon, granular activated carbon （GAC） , is also used in the same application areas. Despite higher costs, ACFs are preferred due to their higher bulk, uniform pore size, 12 - 15 times higher sorption and higher mass transfer coefficient than GACs. Depending on the nature of the raw materials and their carbonization and activation processes, the resulting ACF products show an increased amount of small pores and total surface area. The ACFs produced from PAN precursors have unique adsorption capabilities and excellent strength.