三十年基础学科人才培养模式改革:特点、动因、成就与问题

The Reform on Talent Training Mode in Basic Disciplines for Thirty Years: Characteristics,Motivation,Achievements and Problems

改革开放后,以少年班、基地班和"拔尖"计划为代表,形成了基础学科人才培养模式。作为我国高等教育人才培养模式改革的试验田,它们受到基础学科发展的需要、通识教育理念的推动、精英教育的回潮、国家利益的体现等因素的影响,既取得了较好的成绩,也存在一定的问题。完善基础学科人才培养模式,打破资源的限制,将其中好的经验推广到高等教育整体人才培养模式中,是基础学科人才培养试验田模式改革的初衷之一,也应当成为下一阶段我国高等教育改革的重要方向,更是我们必然要面临的重大挑战。

After the reform and opening, China has formed a talent training mode in basic disciplines, which took youth class, base class and ＂ Top- notch Talents＂ plan as the representatives. As experimental field of talent training mode reform of higher education, they are affected by the needs of the development of basic disciplines, promotion from general education idea, reversion of elite education, and embodiment of the national interests, etc. There are both achievements and problems. Perfecting talent training mode in basic disciplines, breaking the limitation of resources, and extending the application of good experience in the o- verall talent training mode of higher education, is the original intention of talent training mode reform in basic disciplines, and also should become the important direction in the next phase of higher education reform in our country, meanwhile it is great challenges we must face.