黑格尔国家学说视阈中的主体性探微

Research into Subjectivity from the Perspective of Hegelian State Theory

黑格尔的国家学说伊始于抽象法,经过道德延展到伦理,再从伦理的家庭经市民社会发展到国家,这实质是主体性的生成历程。抽象法中的主体性作为占有外在物的人格而存在,道德的主体性是主观片面的自我决定,伦理的主体性是客观性与普遍性的统一,国家乃是主体性原则的最高阶段,黑格尔对此前诸阶段进行了辩证扬弃,认为只有在国家这个实体中才能真正实现人之所以为人的主体性原则。

Hegelian state theory originates from Abstract method,which embodies the developing process of subjectivity:from morality to ethics,from ethics to family,from family to civil society,and from civil society to nation.Hegel dialectically analyzes subjectivity.He points out that the subjectivity of Abstract method exists as the external character and the subjectivity of morality is determined by subjective self.He also maintains that the subjectivity of ethics is the unity of objectivity and universality and the nation is the most important stage of subjectivity principle.He then draws conclusion that the principle of subjectivity can be realized only in the entity of nation.