使用卫星导航仪定船位的误差分析

The Error Analysis of Using the GPS Navigator to Determine Ships Position

文章系统地介绍了GPS导航仪的工作原理和误差,着重从理论上分析了GPS导航仪与卫星信号传播有关的测伪距误差、卫星和船舶相对位置夹角有关的几何误差、海图坐标系和海图所引起误差的来源和大小。根据这些误差的特点,提出一些减小误差提高定位精度的方法以及利用本船的GPS卫星导航仪进行数据实测,验证实测结果是否在理论误差范围内。

The article systematically introduces the working principle of the GPS navigator and its error, and mainly analyzes the pseudo--range error related to GPS navigators and satellite signal propagation, the geometric error caused by the angle between satellite and ship＇s position, and the error caused by charts and their geodetic coordinate systems theoretically. The sources and degrees of these errors are discussed in the paper. According to the features of these errors, some measures to reduce the error and improve positioning accuracy are proposed. By using a ship＇s GPS navigator, an experiment is carried out to collect data to verify whether the measured results are in the range of theoretical error.