德宏水牛及其杂交后代染色体多态性分析

Chromosome Polymorphism Analysis on Dehong Buffalo(2n=48) and Their Hybrids with River Buffalo(2n=50)

[目的]为德宏水牛进一步级进杂交方案的选择提供科学依据。[方法]采用外周血及耳组织细胞培养法与染色体G-带分析对20头德宏本地水牛、25头摩拉与德宏二元杂水牛以及35头尼里与摩拉和德宏三元杂水牛进行了染色体核型分析。[结果]表明:德宏水牛染色体数均为2n=48;二元杂水牛染色体数均为2n=49;三元杂水牛出现2n=49,2n=50两种类型。[结论]从细胞遗传学角度首次阐明了德宏水牛染色体核型特征,揭示了德宏水牛二元杂、三元杂后代染色体多态性遗传规律,并探讨了染色体多态性遗传机理及与繁殖性能的关系。

DeHong buffalo is an important swamp buffalo breed in China, and distributes in southwest area of Yunnan province of China adjoining Myanmar. In recent years, river buffalo breed and Nili--＋ ＋ were introduced to intercross with DeHong buffalo for improving milk an ance of the hybrids. Karyotypes and chromosome polymorphism were analysed in 20 DeHo Murrah X Dehong hybrids and 35 Nili × （Murrah× DeHong） hybrids by peripheral bloo such as Murrah d meat performng buffaloes, 25 d/ear tissue culturing and G-banding. Our results showed that number of chromosome in DeHong buffalo were 2n= 48, two breed hybrids were 2n=49, and three breed hybrids exhibited 2n=49 and 2n=50. This article clarified chromosome karyotype characteristic of Dehong buffalo on cytogenetics for the first time and revealed genetic patterns of chromosome polymorphism of the hybrids. The paper also discussed mechanism of chromosome polymorphism and the effect on reproduction . The results would provide scientific evidence for further multiple breed cross and breeding of the DeHong buffalo and their hybrids.