某部1366名新入伍战士性格特征和心理健康特点的追踪研究

The Tracking Research on the 1366 New Recruits' Characters of Personality and Mental Health

目的:探讨并系统追踪研究新入伍战士在两年军营生活期间性格特征以及心理健康发展特点,揭示新兵入伍初期个性发展规律,为进一步筛查精神障碍易感新兵提供理论依据。方法:选取2010年某部冬季应征入伍新兵,采用问卷法对1366名新入伍男性战士在入伍第一年和第二年分别进行卡特尔十六种个性因素测验(16PF)的测试,采用分组测试和配对样本t检验进行统计分析。结果:研究表明,新入伍战士在第一年和第二年之间在稳定性、恃强性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、怀疑性、幻想性、世故性、忧虑性、实验性、独立性、自律性和紧张性13种初级因素存在显著性变化,在适应焦虑型、内向外向型、感性用事与安详机警性、怯懦与果敢型、心理健康因素以及新环境成长能力因素等六项次级因素也有显著性差异,不同的学历和家庭背景也存在显著的变化。结论:本研究结果提示,入伍战士在两年军营生活期间其性格特征和心理健康特点均发生明显变化,而随着战士入伍时间的变化,对于部队生活的逐渐适应,其个性特征以及心理健康特点都出现了一定的变化规律,了解掌握这些心理健康发展的变化规律将有助于更科学地指导部队心理卫生服务工作,保证和提高军队战斗力。

Objective： To track and study the changes of new recruits＇ personality and mental health in two years in a army. Render more evidence for screening recruits for individuals prone to psychiatric disease. Methods： The 16PF questionnaire was used to assess the 1366 recruits＇ personality in the first and second year of recruitment. Then the data from two years were compared and analyzed in the statistical method of t test. Results： The characters of Emotional stability, Dominance, Liveliness, Rule-Consciousness, Social Boldness, Vigilance, Abstractedness, Privateness, Apprehension, Openness to Change, Self-Reliance, Perfectionism, Tension changed significantly. The secondary factors of the type of adaptation and anxiety, type of introversion and extraversion, type of impetuous action and undis-turbed intellect, coward and resolute type, mental health factor, adapt oneself to circumstances factor also changed significantly according to the analyzing result. Conclusion： As recruitment time increasing, the soldiers adjust to the life in army, their emotional and psychologi-cal characters show significant changing in some pattern, which can induct our psychological care scientifically and reinforce army.