青藏高原南部与东南部重要成矿带的大地构造定格与找矿前景

Tectonic Background of Important Metallogenic Belts in the Southern and Southeastern Tibetan Plateau and Ore Prospecting

印度/亚洲汇聚-碰撞过程经历了新特提斯洋盆滋生、消减和俯冲、亚洲南缘增生造山以及印度/亚洲碰撞造山和青藏高原的隆升,在青藏高原南部和东南部造就了"冈底斯火山岩浆带"、"雅鲁藏布江缝合带"、"喜马拉雅碰撞造山带"和大量物质向南东逃逸的"三江侧向挤出地体群",以及相应形成具有重大找矿突破战略前景的"冈底斯成矿带"、"雅鲁藏布江成矿带"、"特提斯喜马拉雅成矿带"和"三江成矿带"。本文通过对四大成矿带的大地构造定格讨论了与资源前景相关的科学问题,提出"冈底斯成矿带"中的岛弧型斑岩铜金矿具有找矿的重大潜力、重视藏东—滇西地区的俯冲-碰撞型岩浆成矿专属性研究;提出扩大西藏罗布莎铬铁矿矿集区的开发规模,以及在西部阿里地区的大型超基性岩体中寻找新的铬铁矿远景地的思路;在三江多阶段成矿作用的叠合型矿床中,集中古特提斯和新特提斯成矿类型,关注与斜向碰撞有关的走滑剪切带对成矿作用的制约机制;需进一步确定特提斯喜马拉雅矿化带与藏南拆离系关系和重视始—中新世高Sr/Y花岗(斑)岩的成矿专属性及找矿前景。

The India/Asia convergence-collision processes underwent Neo-Tethysian oceanic expend, subduction and accretion of southern Asia, as well as formation of the Gangdese magmatic belt, the Yarlung Zangbo suture, the Himalaya collision-orogenic belt and the lateral extrusion terrains of western Yunnan caused by large-scale material escape to the SE of the Tibetan Plateau. The Gangdese, Yarlung Zangbo, Tethys- Himalaya and West Yunnan metallogenic belts located in the southern and southeastern parts of the Tibetan Plateau have important prospecting breakthrough. Tectonic studies of four metallogenic belts and scientific issues related to the resource prospects, we propose that the island arc-type porphyry copper / gold mine in the Gangdese metallogenic belt has significant potential prospecting, essential to the study of the eastern Tibet-western Yunnan subduction/ collision type magmatic metallogenic specialization. We need to expand the Luobusha chromite ore district development scale, as well as find a new chromite area of large ultramafic massifs in the Ali region. In superimposed deposits of multi-stage mineralization in western Yunnan, we focus on Paleo and Neo-Tethyan metallogenic types, as well as mineralizations related to strike-slip shear zone constrained by oblique collision mechanism. To determine the relationships between the Tethyan -Himalayan mineralized zone and the Southern Tibet detachment （STD）, we will focus on the Eocene- Miocene metallogenic specialization of high Sr / Y granite （porphyry） type and prospecting.