高淀粉能源甘薯新品种“金山208”的选育及特性鉴定

Breeding of new sweet potato cultivar "Jinshan 208" with high starch content and identification of its characteristics

以配合力高的高淀粉和高产的甘薯品种为亲本,聚合了高淀粉、高产等基因,育成高淀粉能源型甘薯新品种"金山208",鉴定该品种的生育特性.结果表明,"金山208"平均鲜薯产量达31891.5 kg.hm-2,出粉率22.3%,淀粉产量7422.0kg.hm-2,食味品质较好.鉴定其产量形成特性,表明"金山208"植株早生快发,在整个生育期中具有较合理的叶面积动态,各生育时期维持较高的净光合速率,库容接纳同化物质能力强,形成高生物产量的生理基础,结果淀粉产量显著高于对照"金山57".经鉴定,"金山208"耐寒性好,抗旱性一般.

A new sweet potato cultivar with high starch content ＂Jinshan 208＂ was bred from cross combination with high yield or starch contents and with high combining ability, therefor aggregating genes for high yield with high starch contents. ＂Jinshan 208＂ was high yield cultivar with good edible quality, and its average yield of fresh storage roots reached 31891.5 kg ~ hm-2, starch con- tent was 22.3%, and yield of starch reached 7422.0 kg ~ hrn-2. The physiological basis of high yielding of ＂Jinshan 208＂ was stud- led, and the results indicated that ＂Jinshan 208＂ plants grew faster in the early developing stage and showed more reasonable leaf area index trends, higher net photosynthetic rate throughout the growing period, larger sink with strong ability of accumulating dry matter, therefore came into being the physiological basis of higher biomass. The starch yield of ＂Jinshan 208＂ was significantly higher than that of control cultivar Jinshan 57. The ability of ＂Jinshan 208＂ for stress resistance was identified under simulated envi- ronment, and showed strong tolerance to low temperature and common tolerance to drought.