人类白细胞抗原与鼻咽癌的相关性

Association between human leukocyte antigenand nasopharyngeal-carcinoma

鼻咽癌是一种多因素影响的复杂性疾病,其发病具有显著的地理分布差异。Epstein-Barr(EB)病毒感染与鼻咽癌发病密切相关已得到公认,但环境因素及遗传因素在鼻咽癌的发病中也具有重要作用。在鼻咽癌的遗传相关因素中,位于6号染色体上具有高度多态性的人类白细胞抗原(Human leukocyte antigen,HLA)与鼻咽癌发病风险相关在多个研究组中被报道。随着DNA测序技术的发展,高分辨基因分型技术的应用,HLA新等位基因数目呈指数级的上升,更多的HLA全基因序列被研究者所报道。近年来,等位基因关联性分析、微卫星连锁不平衡分析及全基因组关联性分析的研究结果均证实了6号染色体HLA区域与鼻咽癌具有显著关联。为了进一步探讨遗传相关性因子HLA在鼻咽癌发生发展中的作用,文章着重综述了HLA与鼻咽癌相关性研究的最新进展,为鼻咽癌HLA相关性研究提供新的思路。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC） is characterized by its distinct racial and geographical distribution with a multifactorial etiology.It has been well accepted that NPC is related to Epstein-Barr（EB） virus infection but environmental and genetics factors also play critical roles.Among host genetic markers associated with NPC,the highly variable class I human leukocyte antigen（HLA） genes on chromosome 6（6p21.3） have shown a strong and consistent association with NPC risk.As the consequence of new generation DNA sequencing technologies used in HLA genotyping,the number of the reported HLA new alleles is dramaticllyincreasing,and more full length sequences of HLA alleles have been reported.The significant association between HLA genes and NPC has been identifiedin a series of studies,including HLA association study,linkage disequilibrium study for microsatellite markers,and genome wide association study.In this review,we summarize association studies between HLA and NPC to evaluate the role of genetic polymorphisms in NPC development and illustrate the new clues of HLA association for deepexploration.