2000—2011年豫东地区某市HIV感染流行趋势及新动向

New Epidemic Trends of HIV in the East of Henan in China

目的分析豫东地区某市人群HIV感染的流行趋势及新动向,为艾滋病的综合防治和科学干预提供信息和依据。方法分析2000—2011年该市人群HIV感染监测报告。结果 2011年该市新增HIV感染者218例,新增发病者285例,新增死亡者105例。HIV感染途径中血液传播途径构成比逐年下降,而性传播途径构成比逐年上升,母婴传播途径构成比变化不大。与2010年相比,2011年A区HIV感染者占全市感染者的构成比增幅为13.29%,M县为10.91%,R县为9.25%,N县为8.25%,B区为5.46%,Y县为5.44%,Z县、S县、X县增幅均<3.00%。该市全部HIV感染者中,男2 946例,占56.60%;女2 259例,占43.40%,男女比例为1∶0.77;31～60岁者共4 379例,占84.13%;职业主要以农民居多,共4 801例,占92.40%。结论近年来,性传播途径逐渐取代血液传播途径而成为主要传播途径,男男性行为者(MSM)HIV感染率明显升高。全市各县区均有HIV感染者报告,分布仍较为广泛,呈灶状聚集分布。男性HIV感染者构成比高于同期女性。感染者职业种类有所增多,部分长期以来被认为与HIV感染相关性较小的职业人群新增例数有所增加,如工人、无业人员及长途司机等,流行范围在不断扩大。

Objective To analyze the epidemic trends of HIV infection in the East of Henan to provide information and basis for comprehensive prevention and scientific intervention. Methods HIV infection situation was analyzed in population of this city from the year of 2000 to 2011 to make a monitoring report. Results In 2011, 218 new HIV infections were found, 285 had onsets, 105 died. In HIV routes of transmission, the constituent ratio of blood route decreased year by year, but that of sex- ual transmission increased, that of mother - to - child transmission （MTCT） changed a little. Compared with infected popula- tion in 2010, HIV infections increased by 13.29% in a district, by 10. 91% in M county, by 9. 25% in R county, by 8.25% in N county, by 5.46% in B district, by 5.44% in Y county, by 〈 3.00% in counties Z, S, X in the year of 2011. In all HIV infections, 2 946 were male （56. 60% ）, 2 259 female （43.40%）, the male to female ratio was 1： 0. 77, aged mainly 31 -60 years old （4 379 cases, 84. 13% ） , most were rural residents （4 801 cases, 92. 40% ）. Conclusion In recent years, the sexual route has become the main transmission route gradually instead of blood route. The HIV infection rate has increased significantly in the men who have sex with men （MSM）. HIV infections have been reported in all counties and districts, widely, in a clumped distribution. The constituent ratio is higher in males than in females. The occupational kinds of infections in- creased. The epidemic range expands unceasingly.