北京市朝阳区社区居民常见健康问题调查

Investigation of Common Health Problems of Community Inhabitants in Chaoyang District of Beijing

目的了解北京市朝阳区社区居民的主要健康问题,为朝阳区卫生决策提供参考。方法以家庭为抽样基本单位,采用整群随机抽样方法共抽取90 158名社区居民为本调查对象。对其进行问卷调查,调查内容主要包括:家庭一般情况、住户成员个人基本情况、既往慢性病患病情况、2周患病情况、1年内住院情况等。结果调查对象中高中及以下学历者占52.5%;离退休人员占34.3%,无业人员占8.9%;60岁以上人口占27.2%。慢性病患病率分别为高血压21.8%、糖尿病8.4%、血脂异常11.2%、脑卒中2.0%、冠心病6.3%、颈椎病13.3%、慢性骨关节病和骨质疏松均为7.3%。2周患病及住院疾病以慢性病为主;患病后优先选择的医疗机构为专科医院(44.3%)和社区卫生服务中心(36.5%)。结论慢性病是朝阳区社区人群的主要健康问题;社区卫生服务机构需要进一步加强对特殊人群及慢性病患者的健康管理与照顾。

Objective To investigate the main health problems of community inhabitants in Chaoyang district so as to provide reference for health decision - making. Methods Totally 90 158 inhabitants with registered permanent residence in Chaoyang district were sampled by cluster random sampling and the questionnaire was conducted among them about general family condition, basis condition of family members, past history of chronic diseases, attack of diseases in recent two weeks, and hos- pitalization within one year. Results Some 52. 5% of the responders had educational background of senior high school or lower, 34. 3% of them had retired and 8. 9% were unemployed. The people over 60 -year -old accounted for 27.2%. The morbidities of chronic diseases were 21.8% for hypertension, 8.4% for diabetes mellitus, 11.2% for dyslipidosis, 2. 0% for stroke 6. 3% for coronary heart disease, 13.3% for spondylosis, and 7. 3% for chronic osteoarthrosis and osteoporosis, respectively. The main diseases attacking in two weeks and in hospitalization were chronic. The medical institutions firstly chosen after illness were specialized hospitals （44. 3% ） and the community health service centers （36. 5% ）. Conclusion Chronic diseases are the ma- jor health .problems of the Chaoyang district, and community health service institutions need to further strengthen the health man- agement and care of special groups and patients with chronic diseases.