叶嘉莹“兴发感动”理论对王国维“境界”的体系化及反思

The Systematism of Wang Guowei's "Ching-Chieh" by Ye Jiaying's "Inspiring and Moving" Theory

港台词坛在20世纪80年代之前,研究上延续了晚清民初的词学本体传统,在对《人间词话》进行文本细读的过程中发现问题并彼此商榷和讨论,提出了许多值得探讨的问题。其中最值得关注的是对以"境界"为核心的诸概念的理解问题。在此研究背景中,叶嘉莹最大的贡献在于,当港台词坛对王国维的研究还停留在对个别概念的理解和论争上时,她已经有意识地运用"兴发感动"理论使"境界"体系化,并使其在动态系统中获得自身内涵。但叶嘉莹的"兴发感动"理论将"境界"的创作视野囿于词的生命感发力,没有体会到王国维在"境界"中熔铸的人文理想,最终还是与王国维的"境界"擦肩而过。

Before the 1980s,scholars on poetry in Hong Kong and Taiwan continue the tradition of late Qing and pay most attention on poetry itself.In their process of analyzing the text ＂Jen-Chien Tz＇u-Hua＂,they discover many problems which are worth to discuss.Among the discussions,the varied comprehensions to ＂ching-chieh＂ attract us most.In this context,Ye Jiaying makes her contribution to understanding ＂ching-chieh＂.While other scholars pay much attention on the individual concepts,Ye Jiaying makes the concepts about ＂ching-chieh＂ into a dynamic system by use of ＂inspiring and moving＂ theory.Therefore,＂ching-chieh＂ gains its connotation in the system.But ＂inspiring and moving＂ theory only focuses on life force,ignoring Wang Guowei＇s humanistic ideals,so it misunderstands ＂ching-chieh＂ at last.