试析北魏元遥墓志的史料价值

On the Historical Data Value of Yuanyao Epitaph of Northern Wei Dynasty

1919年,《元遥墓志》于河南洛阳城北后海资村南凹古墓出土。墓志文中有较为明确的纪年序列,详细记录了墓主元遥的生平事迹,足以补正《魏书》、《北史》的相关内容,具有极高的史料价值。该墓志还透露出许多重要的历史信息,对于了解北魏孝文帝太和末年御前决策层的构成、宣武帝宗室政策的转变、拓跋宗室家族制改革,乃至北朝正史的修撰原则等均大有裨益。惟有将墓志置于具体的历史背景之下,广泛联系史实,强化问题意识,方能充分挖掘其应用潜力。

In 1919, the Yuanyao epitaph was excavated on the southern region of the Houhaizi village to the north of the Luoyang city in Henan province. It had obvious calendar system and recorded Yuanyao＇ s detailed lifetime deeds. The epitaph may replenish WEISHU and BEISHI. It revealed many important history information such as the constitution of the Xiaowen Emperor＇ s decision group in later Taihe period, Xuanwu Emperor＇ s royal clan policy, the reformation of the Tuoba family structure and the writing principle of the official history book. Only by being placed in the specific historical context and the interrelationship with other facts, and with problem awareness in mind can the epitaph be fully used.