济南市手足口病单次与多次感染病例流行病学对比分析

Epidemiological comparative analysis of single infection and repeated infection with hand,foot,and mouth disease in the City of Jinan

目的掌握手足口病多次感染的发生率,与单次感染病例在人群、时间和地区分布的不同,为科学防控手足口病提供技术支持。方法利用中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统,2005～2011年济南市手足口病个案数据,筛选多次感染的病例,计算发生率,分析人群和发病时间特点与单次感染病例的不同。结果 2005～2011年济南市报告手足口病39 095例,771名患者两次及以上感染,二次感染发生率1.97%,三次感染发生率2.20%;发病年龄1个月～77岁,5岁以下患者占85.53%(33436例);总病例中男性23 545例,女性15 550例;多次感染病例中第一次感染男性514例,女性257例;散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生分别占54.38%、41.46%和3.54%;临床病例38 227例,实验室诊断病例868例,EV71、Cox A16和其他肠道病毒分别占38.71%、38.13%和23.16%。结论男性二次感染发生率高于女性,多次感染病例平均发病间隔为11.24～14.18个月。多次感染发生率地区差异明显。

Objectives To investigate differences in the incidence of single infection and repeated infection with hand,foot,and mouth disease（HFMD） based on epidemiological characteristics and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Reported cases of HFMD from 2005-2011 in the City of Jinan were studied using the National Disease Surveillance and Reporting System.Differences in incidence rates and epidemiological characteristics of cases of single infection and repeated infection were studied.Results The City of Jinan had 39 095 reported cases of HFMD from 2005-2011.Of these,771 involved two or more infections,for a rate of 1.97%.The incidence of three or more infections was 2.20%.The age of infection ranged from one month to 77 years of age,and 85.53% of those infected were younger than 5（33 436 cases）.There were 23 545 male patients and 15 550 female patients in total,and 514 male patients and 257 female patients had multiple infections.Of those infected,54.38% were children living separately from their parents,41.46% were preschool-aged,and 3.54% were students.Of those infected,38 227 were diagnosed clinically and 868 were diagnosed in the laboratory.EV71 accounted for 38.71% of cases,Cox A16 accounted for 38.13%,and some other enterovirus accounted for 23.16%.Conclusion Men had a higher incidence of two infections than women.The average interval for a repeated infection was from 11.24 to 14.18 months.The incidence of repeated infection differed markedly among areas of the City of Jinan.