氮素运筹对吉林超高产水稻的产量及氮效率的研究

Research of Nitrogen Application on Super Rice Yield and Nitrogen Efficiency in Jilin Province

在吉林西部地区,以超级稻品种吉梗88为试验材料,在相同施氮量的条件下,研究不同氮肥运筹对水稻的分蘖数、产量以及氮效率的影响。结果表明:基蘖肥与穗肥的比例为5∶3∶2的处理4产量最高,增产幅度最大,氮肥不同运筹方式可显著地提高水稻产量,其中一个原因是氮肥运筹增加了单位面积有效穗数和各个生育期的地上部干物重。与不施氮肥相比,氮肥可显著地提高水稻分蘖数。重视基肥,适当减少蘖肥,适当增加穗肥的比例,本试验条件下处理4(50%基肥、30%分蘖肥、20%穗肥)是兼顾产量和环境的最佳氮肥运筹方式。

The effect of different nitrogen efficiency of rice was studied nitrogen application methods on the number of tillers, yields and on the condition that applying same N, and ＇Jijing 88＇was used as materials. The resuhs showed that the yield of treatment 4 which the basal fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer was 5：3：2 was the highest. Different N application methods could increased rice yield significantly, and one of the reasons was that nitrogen application increased effective panicles per unit area and various growth period aboveground dry weight. Compared with no nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer increased the number of tillers of rice significantly. Emphasis on basal fertilizer, reducing tiller fertilizer and increasing the proportion of panicle fertilizer appropriately, the treatment 4 （50% of the basal fertilizer, 30% of the tiller fertilizer, 20% of the panicle fertilizer） was the best nitrogen application method to balance production and environment.