历代出土端砚述略

Brief Reflections of Excavated Duan Inkstones

目前年代可考的出土端砚均在中、晚唐及其之后。结合文献记载和古人诗文考察,端砚始于唐代前期的观点比较接近事实。端砚多出土于砖室墓,且相当一部分有墓志,可确知墓主及纪年,说明当时使用端砚者一般为中、上层人士。出土端砚的地点主要分布于南方地区。出土端砚显现出样式由少到多、由实用到用赏结合的发展脉络。

Up to now the Duan Inkstones available to be studied in times made were emerged in the middle and late Tang Dynasty,or later.According to literature and ancient poetry records,it is more true that Duan Inkstones started in early Tang Dynasty.Most Duan Inkstones were unearthed from brick tombs.A fairly large number of such tombs had epitaphs stating tombs’ owners and times,which reflect that users of Duan Inkstones were people from middle or upper classes.Most Duan Inkstones excavated were from south regions of China.Their shapes had developed from limited to diversified styles,from practical to a combination of application and appreciation.